Headline
See Five Countries That Have Landed On The Moon

Japan, whose unmanned “sniper” probe made a lunar touchdown on Saturday, is one of many countries and private companies launching new missions to the Moon.
The Smart Lander for Investigating Moon, SLIM, craft used precision technology to make a soft landing. However, officials said its solar cells were not generating power.
The touchdown makes Japan the fifth nation to land on the Moon. The other four are the United States, the Soviet Union, China and India.
Modern lunar exploration programmes include plans to put humans on the Moon for the first time since 1972. And, eventually, establish bases there.
Here is a rundown of the latest moonshots:
United States
The first country to land on the Moon wants to build a sustained presence there as a pitstop for missions to Mars.
But it has faced two setbacks this month, as NASA postponed plans for crewed lunar missions. A private lander had to turn back after leaking fuel.
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Under the US space agency’s Artemis programme, astronauts had been due to fly around the Moon this year. But the mission has been pushed back to 2025 to allow for extra safety checks.
A third Artemis voyage is now scheduled for 2026 instead of 2025. It would have put the first woman and first person of colour on lunar soil.
Even that may be optimistic. This is because the Artemis 3 lander, a modified version of SpaceX’s next-gen Starship rocket, has exploded in two test flights.
NASA says commercial tie-ups give it “more shots on goal” although its Peregrine lunar lander, made by US company Astrobotic, failed when it lost fuel after take-off.
The next attempt, by Texas-based Intuitive Machines, launches in February.
India
“India is on the Moon!” the country’s space agency chair announced to cheers at mission control in August. This was after Chandrayaan-3 became the first craft to land near the celestial body’s south pole.
The unmanned mission orbited Earth several times to build up speed for its journey. This resulted in a historic triumph for India’s ambitious, cut-price space programme.
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In 2014, India became the first Asian nation to orbit a probe around Mars, and Chandrayaan-3 followed a successful launch into lunar orbit in 2008 and a failed Moon landing in 2019.
The Indian Space Research Organisation, ISRO, has a dozen missions planned for 2024, including preparation for a three-day trip into Earth’s orbit — its first crewed space flight.
Russia
The Luna-25 mission in August was meant to mark Russia’s return to independent lunar exploration. This was nearly half a century after the Soviet Union last landed on the Moon.
However, the lander crashed on the rocky lunar surface, where it was meant to collect samples and analyse soil for one year.
The failure dealt a blow to Moscow’s hopes of building on the legacy of the Soviet-era Luna missions, as financial troubles and corruption scandals plague its space programme.
President Vladimir Putin has also been working to strengthen space cooperation with China after ties with the West broke down following Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine.
China
The world’s second-largest economy has pumped billions of dollars into its military-run space programme as China chases its “space dream” under President Xi Jinping.
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A decade since the Chang’e-3 became the first Chinese spacecraft to land on the Moon, the country is now pursuing plans to send a crewed mission by 2030 and build a base there.
In 2019, the unmanned Chang’e-4 landed on the far side of the Moon. A year later, Chang’e-5 brought the first lunar samples back to Earth in more than 40 years.
In October, the country sent a fresh team to its Tiangong space station in the latest crewed mission for the fast-growing space programme.
Japan
Japanese company ispace attempted a lunar landing in April last year. But it crashed, becoming the third private entity to have failed in the endeavour.
Space agency JAXA has suffered a run of bad luck, losing communication with its Omotenashi lunar probe carried on Artemis 1 in 2022.
It has also seen failures after lift-off of the next-generation H3 launch rocket and the normally reliable solid-fuel Epsilon rocket.
So hopes have been high for the success of its SLIM craft, nicknamed the “Moon Sniper” for its pin-point landing technology.
The mission will be closely studied by other countries from South Korea to the United Arab Emirates. This is as they ramp up efforts to be the next to make lunar history.
Headline
Trump Orders Tougher Visa Screening Regime

The Donald Trump administration has reinstated a sweeping global visa policy that can make it harder for many foreign nationals—including Nigerians—to obtain U.S. visas, as Washington revives its controversial “public charge” rule targeting those deemed likely to depend on public benefits.
A newly issued State Department cable, obtained by Fox News Digital, directed American embassies and consulates worldwide to enforce the policy immediately. The directive, which officials say restores a Trump-era standard relaxed under President Joe Biden, instructs U.S. consular officers to deny visas to anyone considered likely to rely on government assistance in the United States of America.
Under the rule, visa applicants will be assessed on a wide range of personal factors—including their health, age, English proficiency, financial stability, and potential need for long-term medical care.
Consular officers are urged to take a holistic approach, considering everything from the applicant’s visa petition and financial affidavit to their medical report and any other information uncovered during background checks.
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“You must examine all aspects of the case,” the guidance reads, “including the petition, visa application, medical report, affidavit of support, and any information uncovered in the course of screening and vetting.”
Older applicants, particularly those nearing retirement age, are expected to face extra scrutiny. The cable notes that “long-term institutionalisation (e.g., at a nursing facility) can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars per year and should be considered,” suggesting that age and health will play major roles in visa decisions.
The revived rule follows an executive order signed by President Donald Trump titled “Ending Taxpayer Subsidisation of Open Borders”. The order, according to the State Department memo, aims to ensure “that no taxpayer-funded benefits go to unqualified aliens.”
The cable further stresses that the public charge determination rests solely on the judgment of each consular officer, who must conduct a “comprehensive and thorough vetting” before issuing any visa. “There is no ‘bright line’ test,” the cable adds. “You must consider all aspects of the case and determine whether the applicant’s circumstances… suggest that he is more likely than not to become a public charge at any time.”
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A State Department official told Fox News Digital, “For years, the American taxpayer was held hostage by the Biden administration’s disastrous open borders agenda… The Trump administration has brought an end to the era of mass immigration.”
The U.S. State Department controls visa issuance at embassies abroad, while the Department of Homeland Security manages who is ultimately admitted into the country or allowed to adjust status once inside the U.S. Though both agencies operate under the same immigration laws, the new guidance grants wide latitude to consular officers overseas to reject applicants on “public charge” grounds.
Before now, the Biden administration’s 2022 version of the rule had limited the benefits considered under the policy — counting only direct cash assistance and long-term institutional care, while excluding popular social support programmes such as food stamps (SNAP), Medicaid, housing vouchers, and the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) programme.
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The Trump administration had expanded that definition in 2019 to include a broader range of public benefits, though several U.S. courts later blocked parts of the policy before it was scrapped by President Biden in 2021.
This week’s cable now marks a full return to that broader interpretation, instructing American consular officials to “conduct a comprehensive and thorough vetting” and to verify all supporting financial documents presented by applicants.
For many Nigerians seeking U.S. visas — from students and workers to elderly immigrants joining family abroad — the revived rule could mean more rejections and lengthier processing times.
Headline
Mexican President Pledges Tougher Sexual‑harassment Laws After Being Groped

Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum on Thursday unveiled proposals to boost reporting and prosecution of sexual abuse after she herself was groped in the street in an attack that caused outrage.
Mexico’s first woman president, 63, was assaulted on Tuesday by a drunken man while walking through the streets of the capital.
The assault made global headlines and focused attention on the dangers and harassment suffered by many women in the Latin American country.
Sheinbaum has pressed charges against her attacker for sexual harassment, a charge that in Mexico City covers lewd behaviour and groping.
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She has also ordered a review of the widely diverging laws on sexual harassment and abuse across Mexico’s 32 states.
Sexual harassment in public spaces is so prevalent in Mexico that in the last decade, the authorities have created women-only spaces on the metro.
Other cities with similar arrangements include Mumbai and Rio.
“May what happened serve so that women do not feel alone in situations of harassment or abuse… and for this to happen, there must be institutions and a government that supports them,” Sheinbaum told her regular morning press conference.
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The UN says around 70 per cent of Mexican girls and women aged 15 and over will experience at least one incident of sexual harassment in their lives.
Sheinbaum said that 45 per cent had experienced sexual “abuse.”
The man who assaulted her put one arm around her shoulder while she was greeting supporters, and with his other hand touched her hip and chest while attempting to kiss her neck.
A member of Sheinbaum’s security detail pulled him away.
Citlalli Hernandez, Secretary for Women, said more than 25,000 complaints of sexual harassment have been filed so far this year.
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The scale of the problem is believed to be far greater, however, with many women in Mexico, as elsewhere, hesitant to press charges for fear of being victim-shamed or not taken seriously.
Sheinbaum called for an “efficient and quick” reporting system that truly allows justice to be served,” but gave no details of what that might look like.
The attack raised eyebrows over the left-wing president’s insistence on mixing with the public despite Mexican politicians regularly being a target for cartel violence.
The former Mexico City mayor has ruled out increasing her security.
“We need to be close to the people,” she said.
AFP
Headline
US Lawmakers Urge Sanctions On Miyetti Allah, Others Over Alleged Religious Violations

The United States House of Representatives has urged the Departments of State and Treasury to impose targeted sanctions on individuals and organisations, including Miyetti Allah Cattle Breeders Association of Nigeria and Miyetti Allah Kautal Hore, over alleged violations of religious freedom in Nigeria.
This was contained in a resolution introduced before the House on Tuesday and cited by The PUNCH from the US Congress website on Wednesday.
Recall that Trump, in a post on Truth over the weekend, declared Nigeria a “Country of Particular Concern” and threatened to take military action if the country did not stem the alleged killings of Christians.
Filed as H. Res. 860 in the 119th Congress, the resolution, submitted by Rep. Christopher Smith with Rep. Paul Huizenga as a co-sponsor, commends President Donald Trump for redesignating Nigeria as a CPC.
The sponsors decried the alleged worsening persecution of Christians and other religious minorities.
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They cited a catalogue of findings and reports that informed the measure, including media accounts and NGO data alleging large-scale attacks on civilians, destruction of places of worship, and a pattern of impunity.
The resolution reads in parts, “For over a decade, Islamic terror organisations have carried out mass murder, rape, kidnappings, and other atrocities targeting mostly Nigerian Christians and non-Fulani moderate Muslim populations, resulting in mass displacement and destruction of places of worship
“Prominent Christian and Muslim leaders have been kidnapped or assassinated, including priests, pastors, and imams who advocate for religious tolerance;
“Religious leaders, such as Father Remigius Iyhula and Bishop Wilfred Anagbe, who testified on March 12, 2025, at a hearing of the House Foreign Affairs Committee about the persecution and targeted killings of Christians in the Diocese of Makurdi, have faced intimidation, threats, and harassment from both extremist groups and government authorities.”
Supporters of the measure argued that the CPC redesignation would strengthen diplomatic leverage to press Nigeria for accountability and protection of religious minorities.
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“The designation of Nigeria as a CPC will enhance diplomatic efforts to encourage the Nigerian government to take necessary actions to protect religious minorities and uphold fundamental human rights,” they said.
They therefore moved that “President Donald Trump acted appropriately and decisively to redesignate Nigeria as a CPC and hold the Nigerian government accountable for its complicity in religious persecution by radical Islamists, such as Boko Haram and Fulani terrorists.”
They further recommended conditioning US foreign assistance on demonstrable steps by Nigeria to prevent persecution, prosecute alleged perpetrators, and care for displaced populations.
“The State Department should provide immediate humanitarian assistance directly to faith-based groups to support internally displaced people in Nigeria’s middle belt states.
“The United States, through the Department of State and Department of Treasury, should impose targeted sanctions, including visa bans and asset freezes under the Global Magnitsky framework and other restrictive measures, on individuals and entities responsible for severe violations of religious freedom in Nigeria, including sanctions against Miyetti Allah Cattle Breeders Association of Nigeria (MACBAN) and Miyetti Allah Kautal Hore, and should place Fulani-Ethnic Militias operating in Benue and Plateau States on the Entities of Particular Concern List under the International Religious Freedom Act,” the resolution read.
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The resolution also asked the US to justify the purposes and amounts of recent security and development assistance to Nigeria and to tie future support to improved human-rights outcomes.
The resolution was referred to the House Foreign Affairs Committee and the Judiciary Committee for further consideration.
If it advances out of committee, the resolution would mark a clear congressional signal backing Trump’s CPC decision and could open the door to further legislative or executive actions.
Meanwhile, the Federal Government had said the United States’ designation of Nigeria as a “country of particular concern” over alleged violations of religious freedom is based on a wrong perception of the country’s security challenges.
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The Minister of Information and National Orientation, Mohammed Idris, stated this on Wednesday in Abuja while addressing journalists.
Idris said the US position stemmed from “misrepresentation and misinformation” about Nigeria’s internal security situation.
According to him, terrorism and violent crimes in Nigeria do not target any particular religious group.
“Nigeria faces long-standing security challenges that have impacted Christians and Muslims alike.
“Any narrative suggesting that the Nigerian state is failing to take action against religious attacks is based on misinformation or faulty data,” Idris said.
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