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What Nigerians Should Know About Trump’s Order On American Birthright Citizenship

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Among the executive orders President Donald Trump signed just hours after taking office as the 47th President of the United States of America, USA, was the one directing government agencies to stop issuing citizenship documentation for babies born in the US to parents without legal status.

Immigration advocacy groups have already gone to court. It is expected that more lawsuits will follow, given the controversial nature of the orders.

Meanwhile, there is need to understand the workings of the American citizenship by birth, and then what Trump’s executive order means.

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The 14th Amendment
Passed by Congress June 13, 1866, and ratified July 9, 1868, the 14th Amendment extended liberties and rights granted by the Bill of Rights to formerly enslaved people.

A major provision of the 14th Amendment was to grant citizenship to “All persons born or naturalized in the United States,” thereby granting citizenship to formerly enslaved people.

READ ALSO: ‘Please Let Us In’: Trump Crackdown Leaves Migrants In Tears

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Note that it was adopted in 1868 after the Civil War to clarify the status of formerly enslaved people.

However, it has long been read as giving citizenship to nearly all babies born on US soil.

This has seen many Nigerians, who have the means, preferring to give birth to babies in the US, as it makes them citizens with full rights as Americans.

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Trump’s executive order
With Trump’s executive order, titled “Protecting the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship,” taking effect from February 20, there is need to understand it workings.

*There will be no more passports, citizenship certificates, and other documents to children born in the US to mothers who are in the country illegally, or are temporary visa holders.

READ ALSO: FULL TEXT: Inaugural Speech Of Donald Trump, 47th. President Of America

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*Also, if their fathers are not citizens or legal permanent residents, the children cannot be American citizens.

*It means for a child born in the US to be an American citizen, at least one parent must be a US citizen or green card holder – that is, a legal (permanent) resident.

* The order is expected to take effect in 30 days.

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Advocacy group sue Trump

However, a coalition of civil rights and civil liberties groups have sued President Trump over the new executive order on American birthright citizenship.

The lawsuit was brought by the American Civil Liberties Union, NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, State Democracy Defenders Fund and Asian Law Caucus on behalf of immigrant support organisations.

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They contend that their members would have children ineligible for citizenship under the order.

READ ALSO: US Oil Imports From Nigeria To Drop As Trump Plans Energy Emergency Order

It threatens children and their families “with a lifetime of exclusion from society and fear of deportation from the only country they have ever known.

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“But that is illegal. The Constitution and Congress — not President Trump — dictate who is entitled to full membership in American society,” the advocates wrote in the complaint.

They filed it late Monday in U.S. District Court in New Hampshire just after Trump took oath of office.

The case is New Hampshire Indonesian Community Support v. Trump, 25-cv-38, US District Court, District of New Hampshire.

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As Nigerians wait for how Trump’s executive order will pan out against the backdrop of dissenting voices, maybe the one-month window is “miracle time”.

Complete list of Trump’s executive orders

READ ALSO: US Oil Imports From Nigeria To Drop As Trump Plans Energy Emergency Order

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1. President Trump revoked 78 executive actions, executive orders, presidential memoranda, and other directives from the Joe Biden administration.

2. Regulatory freeze that prevents bureaucrats from issuing new regulations.

3. A freeze on all federal hiring, with exceptions for the military and certain other categories.

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4. Federal workers to return to full-time, in-person work; no more post-Covid 19 remote work stayle.

5. Directive to all federal departments and agencies on the cost of living crisis.

6. Withdraws the US from the Paris Climate Agreement and informing the United Nations, UN, through an official letter.

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7. Directed restoration of freedom of speech and prevent any future government censorship of free speech.

8. End to weaponisation of government agencies against political opponents.

9. Another executive order by Trump withdrew America from WHO.

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US Revokes Visas Of Foreigners Who Mocked Kirk’s Assassination

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The United States has revoked the visas of several foreign nationals who publicly mocked or celebrated the killing of American conservative activist Charlie Kirk, officials confirmed on Tuesday.

The State Department said the decision followed an internal review of social media posts deemed “offensive and contrary to U.S. values,” adding that the country “has no obligation to host foreigners who wish death on Americans.”

Kirk, 31, co-founder of the conservative youth group Turning Point USA and a strong ally of former President Donald Trump, was shot dead during a political rally on 10 September.

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His killing drew widespread condemnation across the political spectrum, with many describing the act as a targeted attack on free speech.

READ ALSO:Police Bust Child Trafficking Syndicate In Rivers, Rescue Babies

According to U.S. authorities, at least six individuals from Argentina, South Africa, Brazil, Paraguay, Mexico, and Germany had their visas revoked after making comments online that celebrated Kirk’s murder or insulted his supporters.

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Examples cited by officials included posts calling Kirk a racist who deserved it, and messages mocking grieving Americans.

We will not tolerate foreigners who promote or celebrate acts of violence against U.S. citizens,” a State Department spokesperson said.

The move underscores Washington’s growing use of immigration powers to respond to online behaviour perceived as threatening or disrespectful towards the country.

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READ ALSO:How A Nigerian Student’s Bold Hustle Landed Him In Silicon Valley

The Department said it continues to monitor social media content for evidence of incitement or endorsement of violence.
Civil liberties advocates, however, have questioned the decision, arguing that revoking visas for social media comments could set a worrying precedent.

Officials maintained that the visa cancellations were lawful, limited in scope, and aimed at protecting national integrity.

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Freedom of speech does not extend to foreigners seeking the privilege of entry while glorifying violence,” the spokesperson added.

The United States has increased visa scrutiny in recent years, requiring applicants to disclose social media handles and online activity.

The policy, officials say, is designed to prevent extremist sympathisers or those expressing hostility towards the country from entering its borders

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Israeli PM Netanyahu Back In Court For Graft Trial

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Israel’s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu was back in a Tel Aviv court on Wednesday for the latest hearing in his long-running corruption trial, which opened in May 2020.

The prime minister kept a smiling face as he and his entourage of several ministers from his conservative Likud party were heckled by protesters en route to the tribunal.

It comes after US President Donald Trump suggested on Monday that the Israeli premier should be pardoned in his three separate corruption cases.

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His latest appearance at the Tel Aviv court also follows the return of the hostages taken by Hamas as part of Trump’s US-brokered plan to end the Israel-Hamas war in Gaza.

READ ALSO:Why I Won’t Attend Gaza Summit In Egypt — Netanyahu

In one case, Netanyahu and his wife, Sara, are accused of accepting more than $260,000 worth of luxury goods, including champagne, cigars and jewellery, from billionaires in exchange for political favours.

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In two other instances, Netanyahu is also charged with attempting to negotiate better press coverage from two Israeli media outlets. He has denied any wrongdoing, claiming to be the victim of a political plot.

During his current term, which started in late 2022, Netanyahu has proposed far-reaching judicial reforms that critics say sought to weaken the courts.

Those prompted massive protests that only abated after the onset of the Gaza war, sparked by Hamas’s October 7, 2023 attack on Israel.

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READ ALSO:Friends Host Varsity Don, Afejuku To A Retirement Party In Sapele

In an address on Monday to the Israeli parliament, the Knesset, Trump told the chamber that Netanyahu should receive a pardon in the graft cases.

“Cigars and champagne, who the hell cares about that?” Trump joked, before asking his Israeli counterpart Isaac Herzog: “Why don’t you give him a pardon?”

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The Israeli premier is also subject to an arrest warrant issued by the International Criminal Court (ICC) on suspicion of ordering war crimes in his government’s assault on Hamas militants in Gaza.

Netanyahu holds the record for the most years spent at the head of Israel’s government, having served 18 years in several stints as premier since 1996.

AFP

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FULL LIST: US Set To Carry Out Four Executions This Week

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A Florida man convicted of murdering two women he hired for sex was put to death by lethal injection on Tuesday, one of four executions to be carried out in the United States this week.

Samuel Smithers, 72, was sentenced to death in 1999 for the 1996 killings of Christy Cowan and Denise Roach in Tampa. They had been beaten and strangled and their bodies were found in a pond.

Smithers was executed at a Florida state prison at 6:15 pm (2215 GMT), the 14th execution in the southern state this year.

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Another convicted murderer was also put to death by lethal injection in the midwestern state of Missouri on Tuesday.

READ ALSO:Police Bust Child Trafficking Syndicate In Rivers, Rescue Babies

The execution of Lance Shockley, 48, was carried out at 6:13 pm (2313 GMT) for the 2005 murder of a police sergeant, Carl Graham.

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Graham was gunned down in an ambush at his home. The officer had been investigating a fatal car accident involving Shockley at the time.

Shockley maintained his innocence but his appeals were rejected by numerous courts, including the Supreme Court. Missouri Governor Mike Kehoe rejected his clemency request on Monday.

Two other executions are scheduled this week.

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Charles Crawford, 59, is to be put to death by lethal injection in Mississippi on Wednesday for the 1994 rape and murder of Kristy Ray, a 20-year-old college student.

READ ALSO:China’s Trade Surges Despite US Tariff Threats

Richard Djerf, 55, is to be executed by lethal injection in Arizona on Friday for the brutal 1993 murders of four members of a Phoenix family.

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In a letter last month apologizing for the crime, Djerf said he was ready to die and would not seek clemency.

“If I can’t find reason to spare my life, what reason would anyone else have?” he wrote.

There have been 37 executions in the United States this year, the most since 2013, when 39 inmates were put to death.

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Florida has carried out the most executions with 14, followed by Texas with five and South Carolina and Alabama with four.

READ ALSO:Tinubu Appoints New Heads For Key Agencies

Thirty-one of this year’s executions have been carried out by lethal injection, two by firing squad and four by nitrogen hypoxia, which involves pumping nitrogen gas into a face mask, causing the prisoner to suffocate.

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The use of nitrogen gas as a method of capital punishment has been denounced by United Nations experts as cruel and inhumane.

The death penalty has been abolished in 23 of the 50 US states, while three others — California, Oregon and Pennsylvania — have moratoriums in place.

President Donald Trump is a proponent of capital punishment and, on his first day in office, called for an expansion of its use “for the vilest crimes.”

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