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Nigeria’s External Reserves Increase As CBN Releases 2024 Financial Results

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The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) just released 2024 financial results reflect the Bank’s commitment to economic stability, sound policy implementation, and strategic financial management, highlighting improvements in external reserves, asset quality, cost efficiency and overall bottom-line improvement.

The External Reserves recorded an increase from $36.6 billion in 2023 to $38.8 billion in 2024, largely attributable to improvement in accretion to external reserves from portfolio investors, diaspora remittances and Federal Government receipts following improvement in the confidence in the economy, facilitated by better coordination with the Nigerian National Petroleum Company (NNPC) and diaspora engagement strategies.exter

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Also, proper investment management decisions aimed at boosting the reserves of the Bank led to the impressive performance.

This performance reflects the CBN’s firm commitment to external sector stability, ensuring Nigeria is better positioned to meet its international obligations, stabilise Naira and boost macroeconomic confidence.

The bottom-line improved from a deficit position of N1.3 trillion in 2023 to a surplus of N165 billion in 2024.

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This turnaround is a direct consequence of effective containment of expenditure, gains on investments made by the Bank and increased income from foreign exchange transactions.

READ ALSO: Nigeria’s FX Reserves Hit $34.7bn

The financial statements also show a notable reduction in loans and receivables from N16.1 trillion to N11.9 trillion.

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This is primarily attributed to significant recoveries from earlier intervention lending programmes, a deliberate policy shift away from intervention lending and monetary financing through ways and means in line with the Bank’s new stance on allowing market mechanisms to drive credit allocation and financial sector development.

Operating expenses in 2024 were well-managed and optimized, reflecting a cost-conscious culture.

This was achieved through strategic cost rationalization initiatives, including reduction in non-essential spending and streamlined operations across regional branches and departments.

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Timely and successful adoption of Internal Control over Financial Reporting (ICFR) – In line with the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) regulatory requirement on ICFR, it is worthy to note that the Central Bank was able to carry out an assessment of its internal controls which was further certified effective by the joint external audit team.

The CBN enumerated this to include, “Enhancing transparency and accountability in financial reporting.

READ ALSO: CBN’s Currency Swap Hits $12bn Amid Weak Reserves

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“Strengthening institutional governance and internal risk controls, Aligning with international best practices in central bank operations”.

“As a testament to the effectiveness of this initiative, the joint external auditors issued an independent assurance report declaring the Bank’s ICFR framework to be “effective” for the 2024 reporting period.

While the Central Bank of Nigeria’s 2024 financial results reflect operational improvements, some expenditure lines posed challenges.

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One of the notable upticks in the Bank’s expenses in 2024 was related to liquidity management operations.

These costs rose to N4.5 trillion from N1.5 trillion in 2023. This increase was in tandem with the tightening monetary policy stance adopted to combat inflationary pressures throughout the year.

In pursuit of that the Bank conducted more frequent and higher-value Open Market Operations (OMO) to mop up excess liquidity arising from fiscal injections at a significant cost.

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This is a responsibility CBN is carrying out on behalf of the Federation, in some jurisdictions, this cost is borne by the Government.

READ ALSO: External Reserves Fall By $427m In One Month – CBN

“Loss on Settled Derivative Contracts: A Strategic Move to Reduce FX Liabilities. The financial statements also reflect an increase in the loss on settled derivative contracts during the year from N6.3 trillion in 2023 to N13.9 trillion in 2024.

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“This development is a direct consequence of the high volume of derivative contracts settled by the Bank in 2024.

“These are legacy transactions which the current management met on resumption of their office.

“This proactive settlement effort was undertaken as part of management’s broader strategy to reduce outstanding foreign exchange liabilities, thus lowering its FX exposure, boost net foreign reserves, thereby improving Nigeria’s external buffer and investor confidence, restore credibility to Nigeria’s forward markets and address legacy obligations transparently.

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“The improved performance of the Central Bank of Nigeria in 2024 is not coincidental but a product of deliberate, and strategic management efforts.

“The Bank’s leadership has: Reinforced governance and accountability, instilling operational discipline.

“Pursued a balanced monetary policy stance, ensuring price and financial system stability.

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“These reforms have collectively repositioned the CBN as a credible monetary authority, with its 2024 financial results serving as proof of its unwavering resolve to support economic recovery, safeguard financial stability, and build public trust,” the bank stated.

(TRIBUNE)

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Naira Continues To Appreciate Against Dollar On Official Market

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The naira continued its appreciation against the dollar at the foreign exchange market on Tuesday.

Accordingly, the naira strengthened further to N1,533.18 against the dollar on Tuesday, from N1,534.21 traded the previous day.

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This represents a gain of N1.03 against the dollar on a day-to-day basis and marks the second consecutive day of appreciation at the official FX market.

READ ALSO:Woman Arrested For Killing, Selling Pregnant Nurse’s Body Parts

Meanwhile, on the black market, the naira depreciated further to N1,545 per dollar on Tuesday from N1,537 traded on Monday.

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Recall that the naira had similarly closed Monday’s trading session with mixed sentiments, recording gains at the official market but depreciating at the parallel market.

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Dangote Refinery Gets New CEO

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The Dangote Petroleum Refinery and Petrochemicals has appointed David Bird, the former head of Oman’s Duqm Refinery, as its new Chief Executive Officer.

A report by S&P global on Friday said, Bird heads the refinery’s petroleum and petrochemicals division in a strategic move to overcome production challenges and advance its next wave of expansion.

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Effective from July 2025, the former Shell head of operations at its Balau Pokom refinery stepped in as CEO of the Dangote Group’s fuels and petrochemicals business, which commissioned the world’s largest single-train refinery last year.

Our correspondent also observed that the CEO participated at the just concluded Dangote Leadership Development Program Graduation Ceremony.

The appointment signals the company’s renewed focus on scaling production, streamlining operations, and positioning itself as a dominant force in Africa’s refining and petrochemical landscape.

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READ ALSO:Dangote Cement Gets New Chairman As Aliko Dangote Retires

The report read, “Nigeria’s Dangote Group has appointed the former head of Oman’s Duqm refinery as CEO of its petroleum and petrochemicals business as it strives to overcome production challenges and advance its next wave of expansion.”

It, however, noted that the Dangote Group founder Aliko Dangote, will remain as chairman of the refining business and CEO of the wider conglomerate, which is also active in cement, fertilizers and sugar refining.

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The business is expected to tap Bird’s experience expanding the Duqm refinery and diversifying its crude slate as CEO of OQ8, a role he adopted months before the Omani complex began its first test runs in 2023.

Commenting on his appointment, Bird said his focus at Dangote will involve advancing the group’s footprint beyond the Nigerian market and across the African continent.

As CEO of the refining business, he will be responsible for ensuring maximum output and efficiency for the refinery, and aims to make the group a leader in the global market, a LinkedIn update noted.

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READ ALSO:JUST IN: Dangote Refinery Hikes Petrol Ex-depot Price

The appointment comes after a string of unit upsets and “design issues” that have stalled the ramp-up process of the 650,000-b/d refinery, while its leadership has called out a hostile business environment for challenging its operations.

Since it was commissioned in January 2024, Dangote has quickly grown its market share in the Nigerian fuel sector, displacing large volumes of gasoline imports that the country once relied on.

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However, Aliko Dangote has railed against “rent-seeking” trade partners and substandard fuel imports for putting strain on the business.

In a previous interview with Platts, Bird emphasised a trading-led approach to achieve a competitive edge in the refining sector, with a focus on high utilisation rates, efficiency and feedstock flexibility.

His approach aligns with a recent shift from the Dangote complex to process a wider range of crude grades, partially spurred by limited availability of the Nigerian oil it was designed to process.

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READ ALSO:World Bank Appoints Africa’s Richest Man, Dangote

However, the Nigerian refinery is still obliged to sell fixed volumes of its oil products into the domestic crude market under a naira-based trade agreement with the Nigerian National Petroleum Company, a 7.2 per cent stakeholder in the business.

As the Dangote Group eyes its next wave of growth, it plans to expand the capacity of the Lagos refinery to 700,000 barrels per day, build out port infrastructure and establish foreign storage assets in Namibia and other countries.

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In August, it is set to roll out its own distribution business with a fleet of 4,000 CNG-powered trucks.

Dangote Group officials have also shared ambitions to list the refining business on the London and Lagos stock exchanges, and Aliko Dangote reiterated plans to take the business public.

READ ALSO:Dangote Petrol: MRS Increases Fuel Price

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After years of setbacks and budget challenges, the speed of the refinery’s ramp-up in 2024 caught many analysts by surprise, and the complex quickly began exerting pressure on global oil benchmarks as it began exporting its products.

Yet despite beginning test runs on its main gasoline outlet, the residue fluid catalytic cracker, in Q3 2024, the company has since suffered repeated outages on the unit in 2025, forcing it to rely on its lower-yield reformer and sacrifice output over extended periods.

Speaking to Platts earlier in July, a Dangote executive said the RFCC was running at 85 per cent. He denied reports that the company will undergo a planned turnaround on the unit in December.

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According to S&P Global Commodities at Sea data, Nigeria exported some 220,000 b/d of petroleum products in July 2025, when outages at NNPC facilities made Dangote the country’s only active refiner.

The complex exported 30,000 b/d of residual fuel, a refining byproduct which would normally be kept on site for further processing in the RFCC under normal operations.

Exports continue to be dominated by jet fuel, which accounted for 45 per cent of total shipments, and gasoil with a 24 per cent share.

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Petrol Tankers To Stop Loading Beyond 45,000 Litres By October 1 – IPMAN

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The Western Zone of the Independent Petroleum Marketers Association of Nigeria has said tankers will no longer load more than 45,000 litres of the product from October 1.

The Chairman of the zone, Chief Oyewole Akanni, disclosed this in an interview with the News Agency of Nigeria in Ibadan on Friday.

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Akanni stated that the measure was adopted in a joint meeting involving IPMAN, the government and other stakeholders, held to reduce the cases of petroleum tanker accidents.

The stakeholders, he said, are the Petroleum Tanker Drivers, Nigerian Association of Road Transport Owners, the Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority and oil marketers.

READ ALSO:Five Things To Know About Gabon

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He said, “Before now, some tankers carried up to 90,000 or 60,000 litres, which was dangerous.

“Those big tankers damage our roads, as the trucks are made to carry far more than they were designed for.

“And when overloaded, they become unstable and fall, causing accidents.”

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Akanni stated that the government had also mandated all tankers to install safety covers that prevent spillage in the event of a crash.

With these covers, even if a tanker falls, fuel won’t spill, except if the tank is punctured,” he said.

READ ALSO:Petrol Tanker Explodes In Ibadan

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He, however, lamented the activities of vandals, who deliberately puncture fallen tankers to steal fuel, describing it as a major challenge.

The IPMAN chairman also said that PTD discovered that most accidents occurred at night due to fatigue.

We have, therefore, instructed drivers not to drive at night.

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“Once it is 7.00 p.m., they must park and continue their journey by 7.00 a.m. the next day, but some still disobey this directive,” he said.

READ ALSO:Petroleum Minister, Lokpobiri, Reveals When Fuel Will Be Available

Akanni assured that IPMAN would continue to work with stakeholders to ensure that tanker-related accidents were minimised.

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He said that the spate of fatalities had triggered federal interventions, calling for stricter regulations, mass education, and enforced safety reforms.

According to Akanni, the incidents form part of a broader wave of tanker disasters across Nigeria.

These are marked by systemic failures, including overloading, poor infrastructure, inadequate enforcement, alongside dangerous public practices like fuel scooping,” he said.

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